Reference
The Ministry of Natural Resources and Environment is in charge of the programme’s implementation. Programme participants include the Ministry of Industry and Trade, the Ministry of Regional Development, the Federal Service for Supervision of Natural Resources (Rosprirodnadzor), the Federal Service for Hydrometeorology and Environmental Monitoring (Roshydromet), the Federal Agency for Water Resources (Rosvodresursy), the Federal Agency for Fishery (Rosrybolovstvo) and the Federal Agency for Mineral Resources (Rosnedra).
The programme consists of five sub-programmes:
- Environmental quality regulation;
- Russia’s biological diversity;
- Hydrometeorology and environmental monitoring;
- Organising and supporting work and research in Antarctica;
- Facilitating implementation of the state programme Environmental Protection, 2012-2020;
- as well as the federal targeted programme, Protection of Lake Baikal and Socioeconomic Development of the Baikal Natural Area, 2012-2020.
The goal of the state programme is to improve environmental safety and to preserve natural systems.
To achieve this goal, the state programme seeks to achieve the following key objectives:
- reduce the overall anthropogenic impact on the environment by improving the economy’s environmental efficiency;
- preserve and restore the biological diversity in Russia;
- improve the functioning of hydrometeorology and environmental monitoring;
- organise and support work and research in Antarctica.
The programme’s measures and targets have been developed based on the provisions of the Concept for the Long-Term Socioeconomic Development of the Russian Federation to 2020 approved by Government Directive No. 1662-r of 17 November 2008; the Climate Doctrine of the Russian Federation approved by Presidential Directive No. 861-rp of 17 December 2009; Strategic Activities in Hydrometeorology and Related Fields to 2030 (including climate change) approved by Government Directive No. 1458-r of 3 September 2010; Strategy for Promoting the Activities of the Russian Federation in the Antarctic to 2020 and Beyond approved by Government Directive No. 1926-r of 30 October 2010; Concept for the Development of Specially Protected Natural Areas of Federal Importance to 2020 approved by Government Directive No. 2322-r of 22 December 2011; Strategy for Developing the Maritime Activities of the Russian Federation to 2030 approved by Government Directive No. 2205-r of 8 December 2010; and the Foundations of Government Policy in the Sphere of Environmental Development of the Russian Federation to 2030 approved by the President on 30 April 2012.
The programme indicators, which evaluate the measures aimed at creating basic socioeconomic conditions and a favourable environment for innovation, are as follows:
- emissions of harmful substances (pollutants) by stationary sources per unit of gross domestic product;
- number of urban areas with high or extremely high air pollution levels;
- number of people living in poor environmental conditions – urban areas with high or extremely high air pollution levels (air pollution index over 7);
- amount of waste of all hazard classes per unit of gross domestic product;
- number of people residing in areas with unfavourable environmental conditions that are subject to the adverse impact of past economic and other activities;
- areas of the Russian territory under specially protected natural areas of all levels.
The state programme includes measures in the following areas:
- environmental safety and environmental improvement;
- conservation of rare and endangered wildlife;
- preservation and development of specially protected natural areas;
- improving the functioning of hydrometeorology;
- improving the functioning of environmental oversight;
- improving the functioning of the state environmental expert analysis system.
Expected results of the programme:
- creating an effective system of government regulation and administration in the field of environmental protection and environmental safety;
- incentivising enterprises carrying out programmes for environmental modernisation of production facilities and environmental rehabilitation of corresponding territories;
- facilitating the development and deployment of environmentally efficient innovative technologies that reduce relative emission rate and discharges of harmful substances (pollutants) and waste disposal;
- developing the market for environmental goods and services;
- creating environmentally safe and comfortable working and recreational environment, reducing incidence of diseases caused by adverse environmental conditions, and promoting the longevity of the urban population;
- reducing regional disparities in specially protected natural areas, conserving and restoring populations of rare and endangered plant and animal species in Russia;
- better protecting the vital interests of individuals, society and the state against the effects of natural hazards and climate change (providing hydrometeorological safety);
- meeting the needs of the population, government bodies, and economic sectors for hydrometeorological and heliogeophysical information, as well as information about the environment and pollution levels;
- generating new scientific knowledge in the field of climate change to guide government policy in the sphere of environmental protection.
The following measurable results should be achieved (compared to the 2007 baseline):
- reducing by 2.2 times emissions of harmful substances (pollutants) from stationary sources per unit of gross domestic product;
- reducing by 2.7 times the number of urban areas with high and extremely high air pollution levels;
- improving the environmental situation for the 36.1 million Russians currently residing in urban areas with high or extremely high air pollution levels (air pollution index over 7);
- decreasing by 1.6 times the amount of waste of all hazard classes per unit of gross domestic product;
- improving environmental conditions for more than 750,000 Russians residing in areas with unfavourable environmental conditions who are subject to the adverse impact of past economic and other activities;
- increasing the share of Russia's territory under specially protected natural areas of all levels to 13.5 % of the entire country’s territory.
Implementation of the programme should achieve the socioeconomic development targets of the Concept for the Long-Term Socioeconomic Development of the Russian Federation to 2020. Implementation of environmental measures included in the government programme will improve the environmental safety of citizens, and preserve and restore natural systems, including the population levels of rare and endangered animals and plants in Russia.